Apolipoprotein C2

Apolipoprotein C-II

PDB rendering based on 1by6.

Available structures
PDB	1BY6, 1I5J, 1O8T, 1SOH

Identifiers

Symbols

APOC2; APO-CII; APOC-II; MGC75082

External IDs

OMIM: 608083 MGI: 88054 HomoloGene: 47928 GeneCards: APOC2 Gene

Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• enzyme activator activity • lipid binding • phospholipase activator activity • protein homodimerization activity • phospholipase binding • lipase inhibitor activity • lipoprotein lipase activator activity
Cellular component	• extracellular region • extracellular region • extracellular region • extracellular space • very-low-density lipoprotein particle • low-density lipoprotein particle • intermediate-density lipoprotein particle • spherical high-density lipoprotein particle • chylomicron
Biological process	• lipid metabolic process • transport • lipid transport • positive regulation of phospholipase activity • positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process • positive regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling • negative regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance • lipid catabolic process • negative regulation of cholesterol transport • cholesterol efflux • phospholipid efflux • triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle remodeling • chylomicron remodeling • very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling • chylomicron remnant clearance • high-density lipoprotein particle clearance • lipoprotein metabolic process • response to drug • cholesterol homeostasis • lipoprotein transport • reverse cholesterol transport • positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process • negative regulation of lipid metabolic process • negative regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis • positive regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity • positive regulation of phospholipid catabolic process • triglyceride homeostasis
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 19:
45.45 – 45.45 Mb

Chr 7:
20.26 – 20.27 Mb

PubMed search

[1]

[2]

Apo-CII

nmr structure of human apolipoprotein c-ii in the presence of sds

Identifiers

Symbol

Apo-CII

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe
PDBsum	structure summary

Apolipoprotein C2 or Apolipoprotein C-II is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC2 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is secreted in plasma where it is a component of very low density lipoproteins and chylomicrons. This protein activates the enzyme lipoprotein lipase in capillaries^[1], which hydrolyzes triglycerides and thus provides free fatty acids for cells. Mutations in this gene cause hyperlipoproteinemia type IB, characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, xanthomas, and increased risk of pancreatitis and early atherosclerosis.^[2]

Interactive pathway map

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. ^[3]

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Statin Pathway edit

References

^ Kim SY, Park SM, Lee ST (2006). "Apolipoprotein C-II is a novel substrate for matrix metalloproteinases". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 339 (1): 47–54. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.10.182. PMID 16314153.
^ "Entrez Gene: APOC2 apolipoprotein C-II". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=344.
^ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "Statin_Pathway_WP430". http://www.wikipathways.org/index.php/Pathway:WP430.

Jackson RL, Baker HN, Gilliam EB, Gotto AM (1977). "Primary structure of very low density apolipoprotein C-II of human plasma.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74 (5): 1942–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.74.5.1942. PMC 431048. PMID 194244. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=431048.
Lycksell PO, Ohman A, Bengtsson-Olivecrona G, et al. (1992). "Sequence specific 1H-NMR assignments and secondary structure of a carboxy-terminal functional fragment of apolipoprotein CII.". Eur. J. Biochem. 205 (1): 223–31. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16772.x. PMID 1555583.
Hegele RA, Connelly PW, Maguire GF, et al. (1992). "An apolipoprotein CII mutation, CIILys19----Thr' identified in patients with hyperlipidemia.". Dis. Markers 9 (2): 73–80. PMID 1782747.
Crecchio C, Capurso A, Pepe G (1990). "Identification of the mutation responsible for a case of plasmatic apolipoprotein CII deficiency (Apo CII-Bari).". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 168 (3): 1118–27. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(90)91145-I. PMID 1971748.
Bengtsson-Olivecrona G, Sletten K (1990). "Primary structure of the bovine analogues to human apolipoproteins CII and CIII. Studies on isoforms and evidence for proteolytic processing.". Eur. J. Biochem. 192 (2): 515–21. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1990.tb19255.x. PMID 2209608.
Wei CF, Tsao YK, Robberson DL, et al. (1986). "The structure of the human apolipoprotein C-II gene. Electron microscopic analysis of RNA:DNA hybrids, complete nucleotide sequence, and identification of 5' homologous sequences among apolipoprotein genes.". J. Biol. Chem. 260 (28): 15211–21. PMID 2415514.
Fojo SS, Lohse P, Parrott C, et al. (1989). "A nonsense mutation in the apolipoprotein C-IIPadova gene in a patient with apolipoprotein C-II deficiency.". J. Clin. Invest. 84 (4): 1215–9. doi:10.1172/JCI114287. PMC 329780. PMID 2477392. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=329780.
Jackson CL, Bruns GA, Breslow JL (1986). "Isolation of cDNA and genomic clones for apolipoprotein C-II.". Meth. Enzymol. 128: 788–800. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(86)28106-9. PMID 3014272.
Fojo SS, Law SW, Brewer HB (1987). "The human preproapolipoprotein C-II gene. Complete nucleic acid sequence and genomic organization.". FEBS Lett. 213 (1): 221–6. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(87)81495-3. PMID 3030808.
Fojo SS, Stalenhoef AF, Marr K, et al. (1989). "A deletion mutation in the ApoC-II gene (ApoC-II Nijmegen) of a patient with a deficiency of apolipoprotein C-II.". J. Biol. Chem. 263 (34): 17913–6. PMID 3192518.
Fojo SS, Beisiegel U, Beil U, et al. (1988). "Donor splice site mutation in the apolipoprotein (Apo) C-II gene (Apo C-IIHamburg) of a patient with Apo C-II deficiency.". J. Clin. Invest. 82 (5): 1489–94. doi:10.1172/JCI113756. PMC 442713. PMID 3263393. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=442713.
Connelly PW, Maguire GF, Hofmann T, Little JA (1987). "Structure of apolipoprotein C-IIToronto, a nonfunctional human apolipoprotein.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (1): 270–3. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.1.270. PMC 304185. PMID 3467353. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=304185.
Fairwell T, Hospattankar AV, Brewer HB, Khan SA (1987). "Human plasma apolipoprotein C-II: total solid-phase synthesis and chemical and biological characterization.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (14): 4796–800. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.14.4796. PMC 305192. PMID 3474626. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=305192.
Fojo SS, Taam L, Fairwell T, et al. (1986). "Human preproapolipoprotein C-II. Analysis of major plasma isoforms.". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (21): 9591–4. PMID 3525527.
Das HK, Jackson CL, Miller DA, et al. (1987). "The human apolipoprotein C-II gene sequence contains a novel chromosome 19-specific minisatellite in its third intron.". J. Biol. Chem. 262 (10): 4787–93. PMID 3558370.
Connelly PW, Maguire GF, Little JA (1988). "Apolipoprotein CIISt. Michael. Familial apolipoprotein CII deficiency associated with premature vascular disease.". J. Clin. Invest. 80 (6): 1597–606. doi:10.1172/JCI113246. PMC 442428. PMID 3680515. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=442428.
Baggio G, Manzato E, Gabelli C, et al. (1986). "Apolipoprotein C-II deficiency syndrome. Clinical features, lipoprotein characterization, lipase activity, and correction of hypertriglyceridemia after apolipoprotein C-II administration in two affected patients.". J. Clin. Invest. 77 (2): 520–7. doi:10.1172/JCI112332. PMC 423374. PMID 3944267. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=423374.
Menzel HJ, Kane JP, Malloy MJ, Havel RJ (1986). "A variant primary structure of apolipoprotein C-II in individuals of African descent.". J. Clin. Invest. 77 (2): 595–601. doi:10.1172/JCI112342. PMC 423392. PMID 3944271. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=423392.
Sharpe CR, Sidoli A, Shelley CS, et al. (1984). "Human apolipoproteins AI, AII, CII and CIII. cDNA sequences and mRNA abundance.". Nucleic Acids Res. 12 (9): 3917–32. doi:10.1093/nar/12.9.3917. PMC 318799. PMID 6328445. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=318799.
Jackson CL, Bruns GA, Breslow JL (1984). "Isolation and sequence of a human apolipoprotein CII cDNA clone and its use to isolate and map to human chromosome 19 the gene for apolipoprotein CII.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81 (10): 2945–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.81.10.2945. PMC 345197. PMID 6328478. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=345197.

Apolipoprotein C2

Interactive pathway map

See also

References